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There is in fact neither Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 11:30:14 +0000 Au- gustus was the first magistrate of Rome, Tiberius the first citizen, Caligula was the first emperor, but an emperor hallucinated by the enigma of his own grandeur, a prince for whose sovereignty the world was too small. "-^-Imperial Purple, 69. There is in fact neither boundless nor irresponsible power ; but the book-keeping of God and of the people Oi f ten permits it to seem so, as it did to the wicked emperors, turning their heads, and causing such thoughts as that expressed by Caligula to his mistress Pryallis : "And to think that I have but a sign to make and that beautiful head of yours is off. Autor of the post: Undefined " Autour d'Une Revolution, 315 Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 11:13:02 +0000 As kings and other hereditary, or capriciously chosen rulers, have been per- haps oftener than otherwise below the average man in mental and moral strength, it is not surprising that such generalizations as the following by Count d'Herisson have been often made, and never without some verifying instance in mind. "Surely power obliterates moral sense, and the most liberal resolutions of a new monarch fade away as he mounts the steps of the throne." Autour d'Une Revolution, 315. Autor of the post: Undefined Modern despots, bar Napoleon Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 10:58:03 +0000 The problem of the Neroes which attracted and perplexed Hawthorne, which in Napoleon's case (most important for the indirect light it sheds on the Neroes) does not exist and which to the sober thinker presents little of the difficulty with which it tries the skillful and conscientious artist reduces, then, in its simplest terms, to weak and unformed character, or. in some cases, to character formed and seasoned in depravity, developing into manifestations which startle and appall in the possession and exercise of practically boundless and irresponsible power, though the fear which is never inseparable from great cruelty, and even a straining after popularity of a certain kind are impor- tant factors in the problem. Modern despots, bar Napoleon and some of the Orientals, are tame and petty creatures beside the imperial Caesars. Autor of the post: Undefined It was a thorn Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 10:39:47 +0000 The hulking and incompetent Alexander III. had those same domestic virtues which made Jay Gould's pas- tor forget the colossal thefts of the little demon of Wall street, and which made some foreign critics disposed to condone the administrative brutalities of the late Czar. It was a thorn in Napoleon's side that he could not muzzle the English press ; and even in censored and otherwise muzzled Russia the official barbarians responsible for her "most cruel" most despotic, and most retrogade" government, as Tolstoi terms it, are painfully aware that a great outside public condemns their atrocities, and have raised the making of lying apologies to a* fine art, to befog and appease that public. Autor of the post: Undefined "There have certainly been many Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 10:24:32 +0000 The restraints which public opinion and the ideals of common decency, to say nothing of constitu- tional limitations, impose upon modern princes, had practically no existence in ancient Rome. Where the stoic philosophy, as in the case of the Antonines, or other influences had confirmed the native strength of an emperor's character, he governed well, and was in the main free from anything thought to be personal vice in that day; shining examples of domestic and civic virtues have never been quite absent in the worst of times ; but in the Rome of the Caesars, whoever had either open or latent ten- dency to what we now call degeneration, found little external prop or support against headlong fall. "There have certainly been many periods in history when virtue was more rare than under the Caesars; but there has probably never been a period when vice was more extravagant or uncontrolled. Autor of the post: Undefined " LECKY, History of European Morals Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 10:06:06 +0000 Young em- perors especially, who were surrounded by swarms of sycophants and panders, and who often lived in continual dread of assassina- tion, plunged with the most reckless and feverish excitement into every variety of abnormal lust. The reticence which has always more or less characterized modern society was unknown, and the unblushing, undisguised obscenity of the epigrams of Martial, of the Romances of Apulius and Petronius, and of some of the dialogues of Lucian, reflected but too faithfully the spirit of their time." LECKY, History of European Morals, II 321. Autor of the post: Undefined The wisest senators applauded Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 9:54:18 +0000 It is peculiarly appropriate to this work and pertinent as showing a flaw already apparent in the character of young Nero, that early in his reign he was an over-radical tax reformer! Who knows but some enthusiastic "single-taxer" of our day might develop into a Nero, had he but Nero's chance? Nero would have gone a step further than the single-taxer would have abolished and not merely shifted the burden. But I will let Gib- bon speak for him : "In the first and golden years of the reisrn of Nero, that prince, from a desire of popularity, and perhaps from a blind impulse of benevolence, conceived a wish of abolishing the oppression of the customs and excise. The wisest senators applauded his magnanimity ; but they diverted him from the exe- cution of a design which would have dissolved the strength and resources of the republic. Autor of the post: Undefined " Decline and Fall, ch VI Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 9:40:03 +0000 Had it indeed been possible to realize this dream of fancy, such princes as Trajan and the Antonines would surely have embraced with ardor the glorious opportunity of conferring so signal an obligation on mankind. Satisfied, how- ever, with alleviating the public burden, they attempted not to remove it." Decline and Fall, ch VI. Autor of the post: Undefined He cuts rather a sorry Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 9:25:54 +0000 Now the modern plutocrat, whether named Hill or other- wise I limit myself to the kind living and operating on Amer- ican soil frankly accepts the limiting conditions of his time and country, at least in the outset of his career. He is, in the begin- ning, seldom without some of the amiability that characterized young Nero, and which, for the rest, most young Americans pos- sess a fact which does not necessarily imply that they a potentially Neroes. He cuts rather a sorry figure in American light literature, if either sweet or light be applicable to the novels that dribble along in American magazines. Autor of the post: Undefined When intolerably virtu- ous, only Post Date: Tue, 5 Aug 2008 9:12:48 +0000 In novels that fall below the standard of magazine literature, he sometimes buys a conscience or a concubine, and gets the worst of the bargain. When only "tolerably virtuous," to borrow a phrase which the late Robert Ingersoll launched with gleeful contempt, he has been known to reflect that, while an atmosphere thick with conventions is an excellent thing, and does not fetter materially operations financial or otherwise, it greatly aids the black-mailer to levy and collect an exorbitant tax. When intolerably virtu- ous, only modestly plutocratic, and with no high ideals to fill the place taken in others by the pleasures of sin, the case, though rare, does happen, he has been known to "retire early, get melancholy, and die before his time. 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